Accounting Basics for Managers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Bookkeeping Basics for Managers - Essay Example In the money related year 2012, Home Depot shows noteworthy development both monetarily and operationally. In the money related year 2011, Home Depot income expanded by 3.53% to a striking $ 70,395 million which has brought about the working benefit expanded by 14.08%. Following its operational development methodology, Home Depot has presented decent variety in its business. The organization is demonstrating enthusiasm for covering all the skylines of the globe by opening an ever increasing number of stores in different regions of the globe as it intending to serve an assorted scope of clients. Net revenue is one of the key benefit proportion markers which demonstrate how well an organization is using its working capital in gaining the ideal degree of benefit. So as to figure the gross overall revenue proportion, the gross benefit (i.e., deals less the expense of deals) is partitioned by the income of the organization. As obvious, the gross benefit of the organization has expanded so mewhat from the past budgetary year which could be because of the way that the expense of deals of the organization expanded with a greater rate when contrasted with the level of the income of the organization. This could be because of expanded crude materials costs from the provider which the organization couldn't recoup from the clients through expanded selling cost. The following gainfulness marker is the net overall revenue. The net revenue is determined by partitioning the net benefit (i.e., net benefit less regulatory and selling use) with the absolute income.

Objectism Essay Example For Students

Objectism Essay ObjectivismObjectivism can be broken into 5 principle classifications. They are Metaphysics, Epistemology, Ethics, Politics, and Aesthetics.Each of these makes up Ayn Rands theory, which is called objectivism. Mysticism is the conviction that all that one realizes they know simply because they trust it to be valid. Everything that is realized cant be genuinely demonstrated to be genuine in light of the fact that it depends on our impression of things. On the off chance that a tabletop is hard, it is simply because one sees it to be hard and has been informed that it is so. In the event that somebody consumes their hand on a hot iron they could really be freezing their hand however our faculties reveal to us it harms and not until the impact of everybody elses considerations, do you realize that it consumes rather then freezes. Epistemology says that the main method of learning is through explanation. All that we know is seen through explanation. On the off chance that we, as a race, didnt get reason, we couldnt get reality and presence itself. One knows the request for occasions on account of time. We comprehend time since we understand that there is presence between occasions. Things occur in a specific request and not all things happen without a moment's delay. Morals is man, each man, is an end in himself, not the way to the parts of the bargains. He should exist for the good of his own, neither giving up himself to others nor giving up others to himself. The quest for his own objective personal responsibility and of his own joy is the most elevated good motivation behind his life. Legislative issues is the ideal society. Every single man helps and gets things done for one another for common advantage. The administration just exists to secure the privileges of everybody and just uses physical savagery in self-assurance. No individual exists as anothers slave or ace everybody is equivalent. In the ideal society government is isolated from financial aspects like it is from the congregation. Feel is the perspectives on life through expressions of the human experience. The best case of this is the way a craftsman paints an image. They paint an article how they see it. One craftsman may paint an apple simply like it was a photo. Another might illustrate the equivalent definite apple just it will be square or some other intense contrast. The two pictures are precise photos of the apple; they are exactly how every craftsman sees the apple. Neither can be more practical than the other can on the grounds that everything relies upon ones perspectives.

Is Pornography Destroying Your Marriage

Is Pornography Destroying Your Marriage Relationships Spouses & Partners Marital Problems Print Is Pornography Destroying Your Marriage? By Marni Feuerman Marni Feuerman is a psychotherapist in private practice who has been helping couples with marital issues for more than 27 years. Learn about our editorial policy Marni Feuerman Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Carly Snyder, MD on January 28, 2020 facebook twitter linkedin Carly Snyder, MD is a reproductive and perinatal psychiatrist who combines traditional psychiatry with integrative medicine-based treatments.   Learn about our Medical Review Board Carly Snyder, MD on January 28, 2020 Thinkstock Images / Getty Images More in Relationships Spouses & Partners Marital Problems LGBTQ Violence and Abuse Pornography and its impact on adult sexual relationships are controversial.  Pornography is any form of media created to arouse the user sexually, especially such media that is distributed commercially.  At this time, pornography is a multimillion-dollar industry. Hard-core pornography is of particular concern due to the images depicting penetration, aggression and raw sexual interactions between adults.  Since pornographys migration from magazines and videos to a digital format, it is readily accessible, easily kept private and anonymous.  Women at times view porn, yet men are still by far the biggest users.  Unfortunately, pornography use can impact marital intimacy in significant ways. Signs of a Problem Detachment during sex, avoidance of sex and in some cases repeated requests to use porn with sex are typical signs, according to Michael Taylor, a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in Louisville, Kentucky. According to Taylor, excessive private use of computers and other electronics is another red-flag.  Janie Lacy,  a licensed Mental Health Counselor, and Certified Addiction Specialist in Orlando, Florida, also becomes concerned when a spouse has a loss of interest in the sexual relationship or, the other extreme of an insatiable sexual craving. There may also be pressure to try new or unusual sexual acts that were not previously discussed or practiced in the relationship. Both therapists warn that such behaviors may be paired with increased emotional disconnection by the pornography user. It is also helpful to know the history of your spouses access to pornography earlier in his or her life (for example, at an exceptionally young age) and general use prior to marriage. Signs that Pornography Is Damaging Your Marriage Dr. Barbara Winter, a Psychologist and Certified Sex Therapist in Boca Raton, Florida, states, A gradual or marked move into cyberspace has to take away from something, and it typically is the attachment in the marriage and/or the family. This detachment results in a reach for something else, such as porn, to soothe or balance ones emotional state.  She says that at this point, The marriage becomes neglected. Partners become lonely, isolated and betrayed. Lacy believes Pornography can lower the sense of self-esteem and self-worth of the wife because she may compare herself to the women that her husband is viewing on the screen.  She sees it as a slippery slope to addiction. It may also lead to an increase in the progression of rougher or more deviant sex. This contributes to the husband becoming more focused on his needs and not those of his wife. All of the experts agree that a detachment of emotion during sex, and detachment from the relationship as a whole, is very dangerous to the viability of the marriage. Pornography is a poor substitute for the bonding version of sex. The vulnerability is removed in pornography, and that makes it too simplistic to produce the security and bonding that are a significant part of the physical interaction of a couple, notes Taylor. He is also troubled by the exploitativeness of women in porn and the instant gratification one gets from porn use.  Men may become impatient or impersonal during sex, ignore needed foreplay or day to day flirtations that lead to sex.  These are powerfully connecting moments in couples lives that should not be taken for granted.  He emphasizes, Men are at particular risk for using sex as a substitute for having to use emotional skills they are unsure of or uncomfortable with, and porn reinforces that.   Should You View Porn With Your Partner to Please Them? This is not a case of, “If you can’t beat them, join them.”  That does not work to solve this issue.  Wives who regularly view porn with their husbands because they believe it will make their husbands happy will suffer negative consequences.  They generally feel sadness, betrayal, rejection, resentment, distrusting, used, not good enough, according to Lacy. She cautions that this should not become a repetitive habit in the marriage. Taylor sees in his practice that women are often willing to spice up the relationship but do not want to use porn as a simplistic substitute.  He thinks that experimenting is understandable, but where there is potential for addiction, pleasing can reinforce or excuse avoidant or abusive dynamics. What to Do If Porn Is a Problem Wives need to be assertive. If it seems like a minor problem, the wife should discuss how she feels unimportant, degraded, disconnected or lonely and help him tune back into her core needs for love, safety and security says Taylor. If there is active addiction, expect denial. It is fine to insist that the husband go to counseling to deal with the issues. It is best to seek out a certified sex addiction specialist or certified sex therapist, even if the wife has to get the ball rolling. Marriage counseling will be a critical part of the healing process as well.  Both Taylor and Winter think that going to a qualified professional, even together  initially, is a good first step. Winter cautions Most partners deny, deny, deny, and it often takes a brutal threat (to leave) to get someone to admit to his or her issues. Treatment for an addict and their partner can last 3-5 years so the commitment must be fierce. Overall, pornography use is a risky venture that can wreak havoc on a relationship if used in excess.  The best way to deal with sexual issues is to talk it out and explore together how to improve your sex life. There are many other healthy options to try that will not put your marriage in danger.  Keeping the emotional connection and communication in your marriage is critical. If pornography crops up, it may be viewed as an opportunity to express sexual needs or assess if it is a problem requiring expert help.  Do not “sweep it under the rug.”  This is one often overlooked addiction that can destroy your marriage if you do not get yourselves back on track. Why You Shouldnt Worry About Masturbation in Your Relationship

The Pros And Cons Of The Minimum Wage - 769 Words

Did you know minimum wage was $0.25 per hour in 1938? Since then it has raised to a whopping $7.25. Most readers will agree that there is a problem with this current minimum wage, considering the cost of living and salaries, Etc. However, they might not understand the complexity of the issue. In fact, the topic is not simply a question of if the minimum wage should be increased or kept the same, but more of a complex issue involving the different viewpoints on why people agree or disagree. Some reasons why people might agree is: decreasing poverty, increase in government aiding, and cannot afford basic needs. In opposition, opponents of the minimum wage might say it increases poverty, increases unemployment (specifically among unskilled or†¦show more content†¦(Stern, Andrew) 00:07:33- 00:07:35). In opposition though, A guaranteed income would take away the incentive to work, waste money on those who do not need it, and come at the expense of effective programs like Social S ecurity, Medicare, and Medicaid. (Intelligence squared debate) For low-income families, there is Welfare assistance that they can use, but they would not need it if they had more money to take care of themselves but on the right side of the argument if the minimum wage would be increased then low-income families would abuse government assistance. Concluding that minimum wages are a blunt tool for welfare reform and if the minimum wage is lifted that the functioning government aid programs like social security, Medicare, Medicaid, would diminish. Business owners Are divided on the minimum wage debate. Business owners who are for the minimum wage increase say that the higher laborers are paid, then they will have a more expendable salary to spend at local establishments, so they do not have to go to food banks. (James, Steve; 3:23- 3:37) Another viewpoint is that A higher minimum wage will hurt businesses, leading them to cut jobs and harming the low-wage workers it is intended to. (The Editorial board) Business, of course, strives for their employees to be successful but it can be hard when a minimum wage is in the way. ThisShow MoreRelatedThe Pros And Cons Of Minimum Wage994 Words   |  4 PagesThe idea of the minimum wage is that workers are guaranteed enough money to improve their standard of living. The price of the minimum wage is determined by the state, but a federal minimum wage is set. Some states choose to go above the minimum wage, while others, such as Alabama and Louisiana, choose to not have a minimum wage at all (Root). The minimum wage is important to society, because it can affect many people’s lives. There are many pros and cons to having a minimum wage in the United StatesRead MorePros And Cons Of Minimum Wage991 Words   |  4 PagesA minimum wage is the lowest remuneration that employers must legally pay their workers for their services. It is an example of a price floor below which workers may not wish to sell their labour legally. The purpose of minimum wages is to protect workers against low pay. They help ensure an equitable share of profits and a minimum living wage to all who are employed. Minimum wage can also be one element of a policy to overcome poverty and reduce inequality, including those between men and womenRead MorePros And Cons Of The Minimum Wage1620 Words   |  7 PagesIncreasing the federal minimum wage has been a controversial topic around the United States; many people are in favor of raising the minimum wage, while others heavily oppose the idea. W hile everyone is entitled to their own opinion, statistics have shown that the minimum wage is closely correlated to public health, and it shows that this topic is a much bigger and broader picture than simply economics. The federal minimum wage has a history that dates all the way back to 1938, and the strong debatesRead MorePros And Cons Of The Minimum Wage1755 Words   |  8 PagesMinimum Wage: The Pros and Cons Looking back over the last century, minimum wage has been a divisive subject among policy makers and economists in the United States. As far back as 1938 when the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) was first introduced, minimum wage has been a contentious issue. After much judicial opposition, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed into law a bill which was a landmark in the nation’s social and economic development. The bill banned oppressive child labor, set the minimumRead MoreEssay on Pros and Cons of Minimum Wage701 Words   |  3 PagesPros and Cons of Minimum Wage The argument for minimum wage has remained remake consistent over the years. Some people are against minimum wage and the other think minimum wage can help you in a certain way. In the midst of the Great Depression, the Unites States federal government passed the Fair Labor Standards Act. The law has been amended almost every year to expand coverage of the wage floor and to increase the wage itself. Many of the fifty states have enacted their own minimum wage lawsRead MoreThe Pros and Cons of Abolishing Minimum Wage954 Words   |  4 PagesAbolishing Minimum Wage Increase, decrease or abolish minimum wage; which is best for our citizens and our economy? Minimum wage was implemented to help unskilled workers to make a living wage but as time goes on the value of minimum wage has plummet. In my research paper I will provide knowledge about minimum wage such as the history, purpose, benefits and the results. I will also present the pros and cons of abolishing the minimum wage and the increase/decrease of minimum. The minimum wage was originallyRead MorePros And Cons Of Raising The Minimum Wage1908 Words   |  8 PagesTai K. Lamar Jennifer Chicosky ENG-111-IN1 07/21/17 Raising the Minimum Wage from $7.25 Can you live off $7.25 an hour? Would you be able to pay all your bills, and have plenty of money left over for food, as well as personal pleasures? Imagine your salary was cut down to a forty-hour work week at the minimum wage salary in your state. Can you save money while on a minimum wage hourly salary? These same questions are on the minds of many Americans that are currently facing these struggles every timeRead MorePros and Cons of Raising a Minimum Wage Essay1126 Words   |  5 PagesMinimum Wage A minimum wage is the lowest hourly wage that employers have to compensate the workers for their service. Currently the federal minimum wage is $7.25 per hour. However, many states also have their own minimum wage laws. In those instances, the employee is entitled to the higher of the two minimum wages. In this paper we will discuss the brief history of the minimum wage law and its current legislation. We will also analyze the pros and cons of raising the minimum wage, and theRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Raising The Minimum Wage993 Words   |  4 PagesAlthough it is not a new topic in America, the decision to raise the minimum wage continues to be controversial, especially in the political realm. The political parties still move to block the opposing party from successfully implanting their ideals, causing either nothing to be accomplished or the situation to worsen. Research shows that raising the minimum wage a reasonable amount would lessen the gap between the rich and th e poor, continue to fulfill its original purpose of protecting workersRead MoreEssay on Pros and Cons of Raising the Minimum Wage1156 Words   |  5 PagesPros and Cons of Raising the Minimum Wage When you picture a minimum wage worker, who do you picture? Do you see a sixteen year old, a middle-aged mother, a college graduate, or even a senior citizen worker? In September of 2013, California governor Jerry Brown signed a new bill into act that would cause the California minimum wage to rise from the current $8.00 and hour to $10.00 and hour in increments over the next three years. The minimum wage rate will go up in two separate $1.00 boosts.

Faust Essay - 1776 Words

The legend of Faust was a legend that occurred in the 1500’s in Europe. Over time, as the story was told and passed on through generations, many different ideas on what happened were brought up, but the main idea of the story is the same in most cases. One of the most interesting things about this legend is the fact that though this story is more than four hundred years old, it is still told in some contemporary films to this day. All though it is not always as direct as a deal with the actual devil, the same basis of the story can be seen in present day films. In one of the most successful movies of the year 2000, The Matrix, a Faustian theme is evident. The Matrix is a science fiction movie directed by the Wachowski brothers. The old†¦show more content†¦The movie goes on with high-tech stunts, graphics and visuals about a struggle between a chosen few humans that know about the matrix, and a group of human-like robots trying to keep the matrix secret. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The Matrix is a variation of the legend of Faust because it deals with the same basic idea. There is a deal made in which someone tries to seek some sort of personal gain and the deal goes bad. The reason that this is a Faustian story is because it has all of the four basic elements needed. The Faust figure is Neo, the devil figure is Morphius, the temptation is the truth, and the price is his regular life and his perception of the real world. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The Faust figure in the Matrix is Neo. The Faust figure is the main character, the one who is the recipient of most of the action in the story, and the one who is tragedy stricken at the end. Neo made a choice to leave the real world and his perception of reality to learn of the truth. When he made that decision he basically sold his regular life just as Faust sold his soul. When Neo found out the truth about the world he did not want to believe it and he got angry and even though he did not die at the end, it is not always a positive thing to know too much about something when everyone else knows nothing about it. Other people would probably not believe him and some may even get angry just as he did if he tried to explain the truth to the world.Show MoreRelatedFaust: Positive or Negative Essay2070 Words   |  9 Pages Faust: Positive or Negative The Faust legend, as with other great legends, has many interpretations. In Goethe’s Faust: Part One, the protagonist’s character is questioned, and this uncertainty contributes to the number of interpretations the story has. It is unclear whether or not Faust is a positive or a negative figure. In the story, Faust gets pulled into a journey of deceit and sin. As long as Faust followed the Devil, he became closer to his own downfall. Alberto Destro argues that a moralRead More Historical References to Faust Essay1693 Words   |  7 PagesHistorical References to Faust Faust I Prologue in Heaven  · The scene begins with the Three Archangels, Raphael, Gabriel, and Michael, confessing their inability to comprehend the awe-inspiring works of God.In the Christian tradition, archangels are angels of the highest rank and are associated with certain functions or responsibilities.In â€Å"Prologue in Heaven,† they personify the cosmos: Raphael describes and represents the heavens, Gabriel the earth, and Michael the elements.  ·Read MoreAnalysis Of Goethe s Faust 1410 Words   |  6 Pagesthe catastrophic play, Goethe’s Faust, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe is a product of German literature and is said to be one of the greatest Western literature epic poems in history. This play comes from legends that have been spread throughout Europe during the sixteenth century. Many individuals affirm that the main character Faust really existed but this play is still fictional. Faust was an alchemist and was a living magician. In other fictional works of art, Faust has sold his soul to the devilRead MoreFaust: Tragedy of the Innocence Essay1299 Words   |  6 Pages In Faust, a two-part play written by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, depicts human tragedy through the character of Margaret. The protagonist, Faust, loves and then later destroys Margarets life, with the help of Mephistopheles. Mephistopheles is one the seven archangels cast out of heaven. Margaret, who is also known as Gretchen in the play, is a small-town girl with realistic characteristics. She is a simple and modest girl who lives with her mother, and is from the lower class. Margaret has simpleRead MoreThe Role of Gretchen in Goethe ´s Faust805 Words   |  4 PagesIn Goethes Faust the two main characters are seen as male figures, one being indeterminable. Despite this books blatant masculine centric view the book could easily be used by modern Feminist as a feminist view of Goethes society. As for the novel being used by the feminist movement, their purpose would be to show how women were/ are seen versus how they truly are. Generations of readers and critics of Faust I have seen Gretchen as a sign of selfless, idealized femininity, who will ultimatelyRead MoreRole of Religion in Dr. Faust Essay976 Words   |  4 PagesRole of Religion in Dr. Faust Dr. Faust is a legend from the sixteenth century that tells the tale of a man that sells his sole to the devil for non-human powers. This legend is influenced by the time that it was written. During the sixteenth century religion had a large role on the society. It had affected everything from Government to everyday life for people. This story was set in the area of Europe. Which had a heavily religious influence. The Faust legend employs the notion of black magicRead MoreThe Beauty of the Verse in Goethes Faust1568 Words   |  6 PagesTranslation Variance Goethe’s Faust, written in loose poetic verse, is a classic work delving into the concepts of loss and redemption and human nature. Goethe’s elegant diction and obvious mastery of the manipulation of language bring to light the story of a man struggling with his humanity. His unassuming approach makes the tale seem inspiring rather than didactic. Translators across the globe fail to understand the true intentions of Goethe’s work—they desperately cling to the rhyme scheme ofRead MoreFaust And The Devil s Tug Of War870 Words   |  4 Pages2016 World Literature II Faust and the Devil’s Tug of War Published in 1775, Goethe’s literary work Faust exemplifies individualism, emotionalism, and nature in the protagonist’s gradual escape from extreme rationalism in his life, only to realize that emotion and nature culminate reason. Beginning in the late 17th century, Romanticism was connected with politics to portray people’s fears, aspirations, and emotions (Brians). In the beginning of the literary work, Faust tells Mephistopheles, theRead MoreChristian Tradition and Non-Christian Tradition are Two Magical Traditions in Marlowes Faust1535 Words   |  6 PagesMany have heard of Faust in one way or another. A â€Å"Faustian Bargain† is one where an agent trades away the future for a boon in power during the present. I will be exploring at least two magical traditions in Marlowe’s Faust: the Christian tradition and the non-Christian tradition. Not many stories captivate readers like Marlowe’s Faust can captivate. It’s the classic story of a man who risks hellfire by dealing with the devil for a brief, yet magnificent, period of otherworldly knowledge and powerRead MoreAnalysis Of Faust s Faust 885 Words   |  4 PagesIn the Goethe’s Faust, Gretchen is a young and innocent girl and the title character’s love interest. Despite not being introduced until the middle point of the first part of this tragedy, Gretchen’s role has a great impact on the story and she becomes the reason for almost everything Faust does in the remainder of the play. â€Å"QUOTE† After first meeting her on the street, Faust quickly falls for the simple and innocent girl. However, Faust’s love is fleeting while Gretchen’s feelings for him are permanent

Diabetes and Nutrition Free Essays

Diabetes mellitus is a continual disorder of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in which blood levels of glucose and lipids are elevated. This abnormal metabolism results from a relative lack of insulin, either too little insulin is secreted or the insulin that is secreted is not effective. In addition, diabetes is associated with chronic systemic complications, which, over time, can affect the retina, kidneys, nerves, and cardiovascular system. We will write a custom essay sample on Diabetes and Nutrition or any similar topic only for you Order Now The most common classifications of diabetes mellitus include type I, or insulin-dependent, diabetes mellitus (IDDM); type II, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM); and gestational diabetes (GD). How it is Developed The problems of diabetes originate in an organ located behind the stomach about the length of a human hand called the pancreas. The pancreas is necessary for both digesting food and regulating energy. It is the regulation of energy for the body that is important in the development of diabetes. The pancreas produces hormones that metabolize food. These hormones regulate the use of glucose, a simple sugar, which is used for most of the activities in our bodies. The pancreas regulates energy in a variety of behaviors in which humans engage such as exercise and movement, responding to trauma and stress, and infections. The pancreas emits three different types of hormones. Insulin is the first hormone that is produced when glucose rises in the blood. Insulin usually rises after eating a meal, and excess glucose that is not used is stimulated by insulin to be stored in muscles and fat cells so that energy can be used later. The liver also stores excess glucose in the form of a carbohydrate called glycogen. The second type of pancreatic hormone is glucagon. Glucagon breaks down glycogen stored in the liver so that it can be used as energy when blood glucose supplies are down. The third type of pancreatic hormone is called somatostatin, thought to be important in regulating both insulin and glucagon. When diabetes develops, this balanced control system does not operate properly. The glucose in the bloodstream increases, and the cells are not able to utilize it. The individual develops hyperglycemia (excess glucose in the blood). This can be detected by measuring the glucose in the blood from a blood sample, or if the glucose is elevated enough, it can be detected in the urine as spillover. This sort of situation occurs when there is not enough insulin to permit the cells to utilize the glucose, or there is resistance most likely at the cellular level to the presence of insulin. Both cases produce diabetes. Symptoms of Diabetes Some of the symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus are increased thirst, increased urination, weight loss even though the individual is eating more, fatigue, nausea, and vomiting, skin infections, vaginitis, blurred vision, bladder infections, and impotence in men and cessation of menses in women. One severe symptom of diabetes is diabetic ketoacidosis. This symptom sometimes produces slightly sweet-smelling breath that is caused by acetone, a metabolic byproduct, when the body is forced to burn fatty acids rather than glucose. This process becomes more and more toxic to the body as it continues; the individual may develop diabetic coma and die. Ketoacidosis occurs when individuals are either not getting enough insulin or the insulin is not adequate to allow cells of the body to utilize the glucose. Effects of Diabetes Diabetes has two types of long-term effects. One type is associated with blood vessel involvement. Damage to the large vessels puts the diabetic at greater risk of stroke, heart attack, and gangrene of the feet. When small blood vessels are damaged, eyes, kidneys, and nerves become damaged. The other long-term effect is nerve damage usually in the feet, but also occasionally in the hands. This nerve damage is called diabetic neuropathy. This damage may cause a painful burning sensation with loss of sensation over time, making the body part more subject to injury and infection. Foot ulcers and gangrene can develop, with further damage in the extremities. In men, diabetic neuropathy may cause erectile impotence. Nutrition for Diabetes Consultation with a dietitian familiar with children and with type 2 diabetes is important for all patients. The dietitian should assess the nutritional status and practices of the patient and then counsel them to provide a meal plan which, at least initially, does not deviate in a major way from their usual eating practices. Changes made gradually, through subsequent appointments and interviews, frequently achieve compliance more successfully than does radical and rapid change. Individuals providing counseling must be clear about the differences in the management of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Because obesity is a typical finding in type 2 diabetes and caloric restriction results in improved glycemic control and insulin sensitivity, modest caloric restriction and weight loss or maintenance are important goals: so is correction of the dyslipidemia, which frequently accompanies the metabolic syndrome or IRS. In general, calories from dietary fat should not exceed 30% of energy intake, and calories from saturated fat should not exceed 10%. An effort is also made to limit cholesterol in the diet to 300 mg/day, and 200 mg/day if hypercholesterolemia is present. Monounsaturated fats can be increased to up to 15-20% of total calories and may have beneficial effects on triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Protein should account for 15-20% of total calories. The remainder of calories is made up of carbohydrate. Dietary advice for people with diabetes has changed over recent years. Old regimen instructions demanded that all foodstuffs were weighed and their energy content calculated according to standard tables. Everything was assigned a specific value, and patients were expected physically to weigh each constituent of every meal. This fashion of numerical quantification has now been relaxed with the realization that it is impossible to quantify every factor in what is now conceived of as a lifestyle disease, and that, far from assisting patients, the strategy was itself a major cause of distress that impeded compliance. The focus now is on education, integrating medical advice within the patient’s existing lifestyle rather than attempting to supplant it. What health professionals denote is that since the objective is to ‘live a normal life’ patients should not become over-obsessed and not be excluded from special occasion foods such as at weddings and birthdays. A treat for patients, however, is often the regular, habitual tonic that they use as a focus in their day-to-day lives. It is tempting to think that for diabetics it is because certain foods should be eliminated that they are desired. However, many state that sweet foods, such as confectioneries and cakes, were regarded as personal rewards even prior to diagnosis. These special foods are defined not solely by their sweetness, but in combination with their place in people’s diets as extras: not satisfying hunger so much as providing sensual pleasure at certain times in daily routines. This reward dimension is fully incorporated into the rhythms of their lives, supplying markers between periods of labor, such as mid-morning breaks or afternoon snacks. That it is precisely these which are banned is interpreted as belief-affirming; treats always were seen as transgressions from labor, and the medical advice derived from the diabetes merely confirms their status. When pressed, patients admit that they are aware the advice does not really condone regular misdeeds. Yet, leaving the message sufficiently unquestioned serves to absolve them morally. In the early years after the discovery of the disease, there was carbohydrate restriction, then an increase in carbohydrates and reduction in fat intake. Now the American Diabetes Association recommends 10% to 20% protein in the diet but no specific limitations on carbohydrates and fats. An individualized dietary plan is recommended, including occasional indulgences in small amounts of sucrose. The effects of drugs on blood sugar must be given serious consideration in the management of diabetes because a number of medications commonly used for elders affect blood sugar in adverse ways. The probability of developing diabetes increases if someone eats many foods that have a high glycemic index score-foods that quickly increase blood sugar levels, for example soda, ice cream, and chocolate cake. Thus it shouldn’t be surprising that eating in the opposite way, that is, eating foods that don’t quickly increase blood sugar levels-high-fiber foods such as beans, whole-wheat bread, and oranges-may help normalize blood sugar levels and control diabetes. Recent findings indicate that people who eat lots of fiber are less likely to have gained weight or to have abnormal insulin levels a decade later. So eating lots of fiber may help to prevent or control diabetes. People who perceive themselves as generally able to accomplish their goals are relatively successful at controlling what they eat so as to live reasonably well with diabetes. Conclusion The majority of patients fail to keep within the desired range of blood sugar levels, and although medication can easily be altered, it is the diet that is the first thing to come under scrutiny. In this way, food, the means of success rapidly comes to serve also as a means of symbolizing guilt and failure. Its dual function is useful in this way to both professional and patient, since it provides a common site on which both can focus, distilling the vast range of possible lifestyle factors into clear elements that can be acted upon. Reference Hiser, Elizabeth N. (2002). The Other Diabetes: Living and Eating Well. New York: William Morrow. How to cite Diabetes and Nutrition, Essay examples

Report Of Information Essays - Geography Of California, Rialto

Report Of Information This report is about the 3rd Annual Fall Festival Of Music, Held at Eisenhower High School, Ca. It was a local tournament at the end of marching band season. Some kids came to win, some to hope, and some to work. The primary reason for this tournament was to raise money for the Eisenhower Golden Eagle Alliance. Many bands from their respective High-Schools came to the tournament. All of them local bands, from the surrounding cites. Bands came from schools such as, Banning High School, San Gorgonio High School, Colton High School, Rialto High school, and many others. This small tournament was for the bands who, at the end of the season, looking for another trophy. There were favorites, and there were underdogs. The marching band from Colton High School was a heavy favorite, since the past years, have swept through tournaments, snatching away the sweepstakes trophies. The marching band from Rialto was not thought highly of. They, through the years, have had ups and downs, but lately the downs have outnumbered the ups. They came with a strong spirit; however this spirit only had 12 band members, which compared to their competition of 35 members, was very small. This all day event was led by student hosts, their parents, and two teachers, who came early in the morning to prepare to welcome their performing guests. Many of the students were escorts, guiding the bands around the school to practice, and to get in their places to march on the field on time. Other students were Judges Assistants, serving them food, and bringing them officials forms. The students parents served and sold food, novelty clothing, and other souvenirs. In the end, profits were made, bellies were full, and kids were satisfied. At the end of the competition, the students from the bands went home, some were happy, and some sad. Others still harbored school spirit, such as from the Band from A.B. Miller High School, who won second and third place trophies, but still cheered on their achievement. The most upset was Colton High school, who lost their sweepstakes trophies to San Gorgonio High School, a band no one really thought would win. Rialto lost their trophy to Banning High School, who laughed and jeered at their attempt at winning. "Better luck next year," was the saying of all the kids who left that day. This competition was held at our school to make money for our band. However, that was not the only reward we students attained from it. We gained a little more people skills, and learned that a winning streak can be broken, and that sometimes you just can't win. We also learned how to work together, and apprecieated the friendships we made in this program.

Good To Graet Example

Good To Graet Example Good To Graet – Book Report/Review Example GOOD TO GREAT GOOD TO GRAET In the book â€Å"Good to Great†, Collins reflects on factors that make it possible for some companies to experience a transition from being just average companies into becoming great global companies. He also visits the possibilities that may hinder other companies from ever experiencing this kind of transition. The opinion of the writer is rightly placed in stating in emphatic terms that greatness is not an automatic force that will accompany anyone who claims to be in business. Rather, businesses must be seen as putting in efforts that proofs that they are ready to transit into greatness.Collins is lesson oriented and critical at the same time as he both outlines characteristics of companies that transited from good to great and condemned others that remained stagnant in growth. A critical aspect of the book is when the writer gives seven characteristics of transiting companies. Collins notes that leaders must be humble, whiles driving what is be st for their companies. He also admonishes the need to invest in people, confront brutal facts, and identify a company’s overlapping circles. Furthermore, the writer preaches that companies that want to succeed without a culture of discipline will fail; just as those who refuse to incorporate technology. Finally, there is a call to value small initiatives.Generally, the lesson that Collins spells out in his book are very thought provoking, precise and practical. It is not surprising that he could use real company examples.Cited WorkCollins, Jim. Good to Great: Why Some Companies Make the Leap...And Others Dont. HarperCollins Publishers: New York. Print. 2001.

Battle of Saylers Creek in the Civil War

Battle of Saylers Creek in the Civil War Battle of Saylers Creek: Conflict Date: The Battle of Saylers Creek (Sailors Creek) was fought April 6, 1865, during the American Civil War (1861-1865). Armies Commanders Union Major General Philip H. Sheridanapprox. 16,000 men Confederate Lieutenant General Richard EwellLieutenant General Richard Andersonapprox. 11,500 Battle of Saylers Creek - Background: In the wake of the Confederate defeat at Five Forks on April 1, 1865, General Robert E. Lee was driven out of Petersburg by Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant. Also forced to abandon Richmond, Lees army began retreating west with the ultimate goal of re-supplying and moving south into North Carolina to join with General Joseph Johnston. Marching through the night of April 2/3 in several columns, the Confederates intended to rendezvous at Amelia Court House where supplies and rations were expected. As Grant was forced to pause to occupy Petersburg and Richmond, Lee was able to put some space between the armies. Arriving at Amelia on April 4, Lee found trains loaded with munitions but none with food. Forced to pause, Lee sent out forage parties, asked the local populace for aid, and ordered food sent east from Danville along the railroad. Having secured Richmond and Petersburg, Grant tasked Major General Philip Sheridan with leading the pursuit of Lee. Moving west, Sheridans Cavalry Corps and attached infantry fought several rearguard actions with the Confederates and rode ahead in an effort to cut the railroad in front of Lee. Learning that Lee was concentrating at Amelia, he began moving his men towards the town. Having lost his lead on Grants men and believing his delay to be fatal, Lee departed Amelia on April 5 despite securing little food for his men. Retreating west along the railroad towards Jetersville, he soon found that Sheridans men had arrived there first. Stunned as this development precluded a direct march to North Carolina, Lee elected not to attack due to the late hour and instead conducted a night march to the north around the Union left with the goal of reaching Farmville where he believed supplies to be waiting. This movement was spotted around dawn and Union troops resumed their pursuit (Map). Battle of Saylers Creek - Setting the Stage: Pushing west, the Confederate column was led by Lieutenant General James Longstreets combined First and Third Corps, followed by Lieutenant General Richard Andersons small corps, and then Lieutenant General Richard Ewells Reserve Corps which possessed the armys wagon train. Major General John B. Gordons Second Corps acted as the rear guard. Harassed by Sheridans troopers, they were also closely followed by Major General Andrew Humphreys II Corps and Major General Horatio Wrights VI Corps. As the day progressed a gap opened between Longstreet and Anderson which was exploited by the Union cavalry. Correctly guessing that future attacks were likely, Ewell sent the wagon train along a more northern route west. It was followed by Gordon who was under pressure from Humphreys approaching troops. Crossing Little Saylers Creek, Ewell assumed a defensive position along a ridge west of the creek. Blocked by Sheridans cavalry, which was approaching from the south, Anderson was forced to deploy southwest of Ewell. In a dangerous position, the two Confederate commands were nearly back-to-back. Building up strength opposite Ewell, Sheridan and Wright opened fire with 20 guns around 5:15 PM. Battle of Saylers Creek - The Cavalry Strikes: Lacking guns of his own, Ewell was forced to endure this bombardment until Wrights troops started advancing around 6:00 PM. During this time, Major General Wesley Merritt began a series of probing attacks against Andersons position. After several small-scale advances were turned back, Sheridan and Merritt increased the pressure. Advancing with three cavalry divisions armed with Spencer carbines, Merritts men succeeded in engaging Andersons line in close combat and overwhelming his left flank. As Andersons left disintegrated, his line collapsed and his men fled the field. Battle of Saylers Creek - The Hillsman Farm: Unaware that his line of retreat was being cut by Merritt, Ewell prepared to engage Wrights advancing VI Corps. Moving forward from their position near the Hillsman Farm, the Union infantry struggled across rain-swollen Little Saylers Creek before reforming and attacking. In the course of the advance, the Union center outdistanced the units on its flanks and took the brunt of the Confederate fire. Wavering, it was driven back by a small Confederate force led by Major Robert Stiles. This pursuit was halted by the Union artillery (Map). Battle of Saylers Creek - Lockett Farm: Reforming, VI Corps again advanced and succeeded in overlapping the flanks of Ewells line. In bitter fighting, Wrights troops succeeded in collapsing Ewells line capturing around 3,400 men and routing the rest. Among the prisoners were six Confederate generals including Ewell. As Union troops were achieving victory near the Hillman Farm, Humphreys II Corps closed on Gordon and the Confederate wagon train a few miles north near the Lockett Farm. Assuming a position along the eastern rim of a small valley, Gordon sought cover the wagons as they crossed the Double Bridges over Saylers Creek at the valley floor. Unable to handle the heavy traffic, the bridges caused a bottleneck leading to the wagons stacking up in the valley. Arriving on the scene, Major General Andrew A.  Humphreys II Corps deployed and began attacking around dusk. Steadily driving Gordons men back, the Union infantry took the ridge and the fighting continued among the wagons. Under heavy pressure and with Union troops working around his left flank, Gordon retreated to the west side of the valley having lost around 1,700 captured and 200 wagons. As dark descended, the fighting petered out and Gordon began retreating west towards High Bridge (Map). Battle of Saylers Creek - Aftermath: While Union casualties for the Battle of Saylers Creek numbered around 1,150, the Confederate forces engaged lost around 7,700 killed, wounded, and captured. Effectively the death knell of the Army of Northern Virginia, Confederate losses at Saylers Creek represented approximately a quarter of Lees remaining strength. Riding out from Rices Depot, Lee saw the survivors of Ewells and Andersons corps streaming west and exclaimed, My God, has the army dissolved? Consolidating his men at Farmville early on April 7, Lee was able to partially re-provision his men before being forced out by early afternoon. Pushed west and eventually cornered at Appomattox Court House, Lee surrendered his army on April 9.

Perception of Leaders' Decision Making Dissertation

Perception of Leaders' Decision Making - Dissertation Example This essay declares that the research will also employ correlation collection design to gather information from workforce with the aim of determining the relationship between perception of leader’s decisions making and organizational culture. This design enables the identification of connection among variables. It is an effective and accurate information gathering method. The design allows generalization from a selected sample to the main study population therefore; inferences are easier done with fast turnaround and reduced costs. The employees will be required to first work on individual basis and second as team to answer various questions in the survey. The respondents will be requested to offer the organizational structure views, to rate their leader’s decision-making perception, the effectiveness of their company culture and leadership. This will be the age and the job status of the participants. This paper makes a conclusion that a leader’s decision-making is a pertinent in an institution who guides procedures, organizations and processes. Experts agree that by performing these tasks, a leader’s decisions act to manipulate culture or altering its aspects. Therefore, leader’s choices act to alter procedures and formal administrative process of an organization. Leaders’ decision-making play a critical task in altering organizational performance and the nature of results of the organizations influence the structure directly.

The Value of Digital Privacy in an Information Technology Age Research Paper

The Value of Digital Privacy in an Information Technology Age - Research Paper Example In the wrong hands, unauthorized access to information may lead to the destruction of vital information or usage of information for destructive purposes. Another way through which individuals can access private information is through phishing. Spear-phishing, in particular, has become increasingly common. It involves hacking individuals’ computers or accounts by sending e-mails to individuals’ accounts. These e-mails often get citizens to provide sensitive information. They are personal, crafty and deceitful messages that easily pass security protections. According to security software maker RSA, about one in every 300 emails in 2011 was a phish. Data cables are also used to access private information. Network cabling companies collect personal and non-personal information. Different cabling companies have different terms of use in regard to privacy. The companies, through their websites, collect information ranging from names, physical address, e-mail address, age, pas sword and other information necessary to conduct business with these companies. This information may then be used to facilitate citizens’ use of websites, to send information to citizens and to conduct business. ... Access to private information may lead to crimes such as identity theft, fraud, defamation, slandering and discriminatory practices. Also, gaining access to confidential information increases the risks of such information being disclosed. This causes dissatisfaction and encourages mistrust in individuals. In America, identity theft has become increasingly common and it destroys an individual’s financial reputation. Invasion of personal privacy shows inefficiency on the government’s part and other organizations that keep citizens’ records. Access to private citizen information through computer applications has greatly facilitated investigations into financial crimes, drug crimes and sex crimes (Soghoian, 2011, 18-20). Therefore, law enforcers are able to track crimes across borders. Because criminals have established highly complex networks across the globe, computer applications enable law enforcers to deter international crimes. Technological advancements go a g reat length in facilitating security and policing. Through soliciting â€Å"suspicious information†, the police and law enforcers can prevent crimes that threaten humanity and the dignity of humanity such as terrorism and identity theft. Determine what measures citizens can take to protect private information or information they do not want to be disclosed. To guard private information, citizens can implement measures that recognize the dangers of unwarranted access to private information. Preventive measures should be promoted to limit these dangers.

Massive Anti-Islam Sentiment in the United States Essay -- Islamophobi

Islam is a monotheistic religion, centered around the teachings of the Qu’ran and serving Allah (meaning God in Arabic). However, this Abrahamic religion has been harshly discriminated against in the United States for years. Most prominently throughout the last twelve years, post September 11th, 2001. Unfortunately, issues such as socialization through the media, power distribution, religious ignorance, stereotyping and visible differences have contributed to the ill attitudes towards Muslims. This paper will examine how Americans have been socialized in islamophobia within the United States. Islamophobia is defined as the "unfounded hostility towards Muslims, and therefore fear or dislike of all or most Muslims." The first time islamophobia was introduced as a concept was in November 1997 by the Runnymede Trust Report. The report was the first time islamophobia was discussed, based on British Muslim populations, to better conditions for Muslims. In response to the report, â€Å"the [British] Government approved the first state funding for specifically Muslim schools in late 1997, and there has been some improvement in media portrayals of Islam.† (â€Å"Commission on British Muslims†) Islamophobia is indeed similar to xenophobia, the fear of foreignness and unfamiliarity, but is specific to the religion of Islam. Islamophobia has lead to discrimination, prejudices, assault, and hate crimes. It is interesting to analyze the changes of islamophobia. When perhaps originally, islamophobia was a concept only describing the fear of Islam. Now, it has become racialized into the fear of Arabs as well, rather than a religious fear. The phobia continues to spread from the irrational fear of Islam to perhaps a fear of anyone who may be percei... ...Caller. N.p., 05 Aug. 2013. Web. 19 Dec. 2014. . Prothero, Stephen. "Worshipping in Ignorance." The Chronicle Review. The Chronicle for Higher Education, 16 Mar. 2009. Web. 19 Dec. 2014. . Ratnesar, Romesh. "Ground Zero: Exaggerating the Jihadist Threat." TIME.com. N.p., 18 Aug. 2010. Web. 19 Dec. 2014. . Rose, Steve. "Since 9/11, Racism and Islamophobia Remain Intertwined | Steve Rose." The Huffington Post UK. N.p., 09 Nov. 2013. Web. 16 Dec. 2014. Schevitz, Tanya. "FBI Sees Leap in Anti-Muslim Hate Crimes / 9/11 Attacks Blamed for Bias -- Blacks Still Most Frequent Victims." SFGate. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Dec. 2014. Massive Anti-Islam Sentiment in the United States Essay -- Islamophobi Islam is a monotheistic religion, centered around the teachings of the Qu’ran and serving Allah (meaning God in Arabic). However, this Abrahamic religion has been harshly discriminated against in the United States for years. Most prominently throughout the last twelve years, post September 11th, 2001. Unfortunately, issues such as socialization through the media, power distribution, religious ignorance, stereotyping and visible differences have contributed to the ill attitudes towards Muslims. This paper will examine how Americans have been socialized in islamophobia within the United States. Islamophobia is defined as the "unfounded hostility towards Muslims, and therefore fear or dislike of all or most Muslims." The first time islamophobia was introduced as a concept was in November 1997 by the Runnymede Trust Report. The report was the first time islamophobia was discussed, based on British Muslim populations, to better conditions for Muslims. In response to the report, â€Å"the [British] Government approved the first state funding for specifically Muslim schools in late 1997, and there has been some improvement in media portrayals of Islam.† (â€Å"Commission on British Muslims†) Islamophobia is indeed similar to xenophobia, the fear of foreignness and unfamiliarity, but is specific to the religion of Islam. Islamophobia has lead to discrimination, prejudices, assault, and hate crimes. It is interesting to analyze the changes of islamophobia. When perhaps originally, islamophobia was a concept only describing the fear of Islam. Now, it has become racialized into the fear of Arabs as well, rather than a religious fear. The phobia continues to spread from the irrational fear of Islam to perhaps a fear of anyone who may be percei... ...Caller. N.p., 05 Aug. 2013. Web. 19 Dec. 2014. . Prothero, Stephen. "Worshipping in Ignorance." The Chronicle Review. The Chronicle for Higher Education, 16 Mar. 2009. Web. 19 Dec. 2014. . Ratnesar, Romesh. "Ground Zero: Exaggerating the Jihadist Threat." TIME.com. N.p., 18 Aug. 2010. Web. 19 Dec. 2014. . Rose, Steve. "Since 9/11, Racism and Islamophobia Remain Intertwined | Steve Rose." The Huffington Post UK. N.p., 09 Nov. 2013. Web. 16 Dec. 2014. Schevitz, Tanya. "FBI Sees Leap in Anti-Muslim Hate Crimes / 9/11 Attacks Blamed for Bias -- Blacks Still Most Frequent Victims." SFGate. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Dec. 2014.

Introduction to Human Behavior in Organization

Introduction to Organizational Behavior People have a variety of needs. Irrespective of one's status, age, and achievements, one would still have some unfulfilled needs. In order to satisfy their unfulfilled needs more effectively, people have learned to organize themselves into groups. The process of organizing facilitates an organization in its specialization efforts. It helps the employees to develop specialized skills and enhances the productivity and efficient functioning of the organization. The organizational system consists of social, technical and economic elements which coordinate human and material resources to achieve various organizational objectives. Some of the objectives of an organization may be: †¢ To maximize profits †¢ To produce goods and services of good quality †¢ To compete with other players in the industry †¢ To ensure welfare of its employees †¢ To make efficient use of resources and achieve growth Human behavior in organizations is as complex as the social system itself. People differ from each other in their needs and values, which can be understood better with the help of behavioral science. Behavioral science considers the influence of various elements (social, economic and technical systems) of the complex external environment on people's behavior. It improves people's understanding of interpersonal skills and so also their ability to work together as a team to achieve organizational goals effectively. Organizational Behavior Defined Organizational behavior is the system of culture, leadership, communication and group dynamics that determines an organization’s actions. According to Keith Davis, â€Å"it is the study and application of knowledge about how people act within an organization. Key Forces Affecting Organizational Behavior Elements of Organizational Behavior How people behave in an organization under a given situation is the concern of organizational behavior. People join an organization to achieve certain objectives. The efforts of the people are co-ordinate by the structure of authority-responsibility relationships. People use some technology to pro duce goods and services to achieve their goals. We can call people, structure and technology as the internal organizational elements. These elements interact with the external environment and are influenced by it. The study of organizational behavior, thus, involves four key elements; people, structure, technology and the environment in which the organization operates. 1) People: People make up the internal social system of the organization. That system consists of individuals and groups, and large groups as well as small ones. There are unofficial, informal groups and more official, formal ones. Groups are dynamic. We must remember that organizations exist to serve people, rather than people existing to serve organization. The human organization of today is not the same as it was yesterday, or the day before. In particular, the workforce has become richly diverse, which means that employees bring a wide array of educational backgrounds, talents, and perspectives to their jobs. Managers need to be tuned into these diverse patterns and trends, and to be prepared to adapt to them. 2) Structure: Structure defines the roles and relationships of people in an organization. Different people in the organization are given different roles and they have certain relationships with others. Organization structure leads to division of work so that people can perform their duties to accomplish the organization goals. Under the structure, different duties are to be performed by different people. Some may be managers others may be supervisors, clerks, peons or workers. All are related to each other to accomplish the goals in a co-coordinated manner. The structure relates to authority-responsibility relationships. 3) Technology: Technology provides the resources with which people work and affects the tasks that they perform. They cannot accomplish much with their hands, so they build building, design machines, create work processes, and assemble resources. The technology used has a significant influence on working relationships. The great benefit of technology is that it allows people to do more and better work, but it also restricts people in various ways. It has costs as well as benefits. 4) Environment: All organizations operate within an internal and external environment. A single organization does not exist alone. It is part of a large system that contains many other elements such as government the family, and other organizations. Numerous changes in the environment create demands on organizations. Individual organizations, such as a factory or a school, cannot escape being influenced by this external environment. It influences the attitudes of people, affects working conditions, and provides competition for resources and power. It must be considered in the study of human behavior in organizations. Organizational Behavior and Administration The constituents of an organization are in one way or another affected by the nature of the behavioral quality of life therein and is, therefore, concerned with improving organizational behavior. Managers and supervisors are burdened with the responsibility of harnessing organizational behavior to improve people-organization relationships while the executives must attempt to create an atmosphere in the organization that will motivate employees to work effectively in harmony and in coordination with their co-workers. People find their work pleasurable whenever there’s cooperation, teamwork and understanding among themselves. The effective and successful application of human behavior paves the way for the realization of human, organizational and social objectives. Historical Development of Organizational Behavior Though human relationships have existed since time immemorial, the branch of knowledge dealing with them is relatively recent. Prior to the industrial revolution, people worked in small groups and had simple work relationships. They were, however, subjected to unhealthy working conditions and scarcity of resources, so they hardly had any job satisfaction. During the early stages of the industrial revolution, the conditions of workers showed no signs of improvement. But as increased industrial activity led to greater supply of goods, wages, working conditions, and level of job satisfaction gradually improved. ROBERT OWEN Robert Owen was a Welsh entrepreneur who bought his first factory in 1789, at the age of 18. He is important in the history of OB because he was one of the first industrialists to recognize how that growing factory system was demeaning to workers. Repulsed by the harsh practices he saw in factories such as the employment of young children (many under the age of 10 with 13- hour workdays, and miserable working conditions. Owen became a reformer. He chided factory owners for treating their equipment better than their employees He criticized them for buying the best machines but then employing the cheapest labor to run them. Owen argued that money spent on improving labor was one of the best investments that business executives could make . He claimed that showing concern for employees both was profitable for management and would relieve human misery. For his time, Owen was an idealist. What he proposed was a utopian workplace that would reduce the sufferings of the working class. He was more than a hundred years ahead of his time when he argued, in 1852, for regulated hours of work for all, child labor laws, public education, company-furnished meals at work, and business involvement in community projects. The history which has become a past now shows how each management wizard contributed towards welfare of employees, their working conditions and hence eventually increasing the productivity. ANDREW URE Ure provided academic training at Anderson's College in Glasgow for managers in the early factory system. He published a text in 1835 that dealt mainly with the technical problems of manufacturing in the textile industry, but also dealt with problems of managing. Obviously pro-management, Ure advocated an â€Å"automatic plan† to provide harmony and to keep any individual worker from stopping production. He was a defender of the factory system and believed workers must recognize the benefits of mechanization and not resist its introduction. FREDERICK TAYLOR Probably the most famous management pioneer of all is Frederick W. Taylor (1856–1915), the father of scientific management. Taylor rose from common laborer to chief engineer in six years, and completed a home study course to earn a degree in mechanical engineering in 1883. In trying to overcome soldiering by the workers, Taylor began a scientific study of what workers ought to be able to produce. This study led to the beginnings of scientific management. Taylor used time studies to break tasks down into elementary movements, and designed complementary piece-rate incentive systems. Taylor believed management's responsibility was in knowing what you want workers to do and then seeing that they do it in the best and cheapest way. He developed many new concepts such as functional authority. In other words, Taylor proposed that all authority was based on knowledge, not position. He wrote Shop Management in 1903, became the president of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers in 1906, and was a widely traveled lecturer, lecturing at Harvard from 1909 to 1914. In 1911, Taylor published Principles of Scientific Management in 1911. Its contents would become widely accepted by managers worldwide. The book described the theory of scientific management. Scientific management was defined as methods aimed at determining the one best way for a job to be done. During this same period organized labor waged an all-out war on Taylorism resulting in a congressional investigation. In February of 1912, however, the committee reported finding no evidence to support abuses of workers or any need for remedial legislation. Taylor did not neglect the human side of work, as often suggested. He simply emphasized the individual worker not the group. Taylor called for a revolution that would fuse the interests of labor and management into a mutually rewarding whole. ELTON MAYO AND THE HAWTHORNE STUDIES Elton Mayo (1880–1949) joined the Harvard faculty in 1926 as associate professor of industrial research, and two years later was asked to work with Western Electric, as part of the Harvard research group, to continue the Hawthorne studies. Mayo was intrigued by the initial results of the early illumination studies that showed output had increased upon changes in illumination—either brighter or darker—but no one knew why. Mayo believed the increased output came from a change in mental attitude in the group as the workers developed into a social unit. Other experiments included the piecework experiment, the interviewing program, and the bank wiring room experiments. From these experiments the Mayoists concluded that employees have social needs as well as physical needs, and managers need a mix of managerial skills that include human relations skills. Organizational behavior is also heavily influenced by sociology in its study of group behavior, organization structure, diversity, and culture. In addition, the insights of cultural anthropologists contribute to an understanding of organizational culture (the values and customs of a firm). In recent years, several companies have hired anthropologists to help them cultivate the right organizational culture. Organizational behavior also gains insights from political science toward understanding the distribution of power in organizations. Contribution of other Social Sciences Psychology Psychology is the study of individual behavior within the organization. Psychological theories have helped us explain and predict individual behavior. Relationship with Organizational Behavior If one wants to improve the behavior of an individual we have to look into the psychological needs of an individual. So the knowledge of psychology can really help in improving and modifying the behavior of individual. If the psychological needs are fulfilled, it gives satisfaction to people and also give peace of mind, which can improve the ability of an organization. Many of the theories dealing with personality, attitude, learning, motivation, and stress have been applied in Organizational Behavior to understand work-related phenomena such as job satisfaction, commitment, absenteeism, turnover, and worker well-being. Elements of Psychology’s contribution to Organizational Behavior include: Learning This are of contribution became a significant element to Organizational Behavior studies when scientists attempted to identify how people would learn new skills within the workplace and how different learning styles would have to address for employees. Motivation In order to optimize the performance of members within any organization it is necessary to understand the individual characteristics of such members and by attempting to fulfill their individual’s needs creates a pattern in which to bring out the best in their efforts. Personality Psychology’s research in personality contributes to Organizational Behavior ability to assess individual attitudes and tie them to an organization or workgroup. This can certainly be a key to identifying elements related to motivation and other interpersonal dynamics. Attitude Measurement Psychology’s statistical work has provided much input related to Organizational Behavior as it relates to member’s attitudes. How an organization is to manage, reward, and create policy should include the mindsets of its members and align to organizational objectives. Work Stress How a person reacts to his/her environment and perception of that environment is deeply affected by the perspective they hold and how they think. Stress being a potential positive negative aspect of organizations certainly has a role in the study of OB. Job Satisfaction Certain key metrics relating to an organization’s effectiveness include job satisfaction of its members. How an organization provides an environment and opportunity to bring out the best in its employees is certainly its ability to explore the psychology of this work force. Sociology Sociology is defined â€Å"as the study of people in relation to their social environment or culture† (Robbins, Judge, 2007). The impact that sociology has on Organizational Behavior is significant as organizations at their nature are formations that hold both a social environment and culture. Sociologists, studying the structure and function of small groups within a society have contributed greatly to a more complete understanding of behavior within organizations. Taking their cue from Sociologists, scholars in the field of Organizational Behavior have studied the effects of the structure and function of work organization on the behavior of groups, as well as the individuals within those groups. Elements of Sociology’s Contribution to Organizational Behavior include: Communication The means and manner in which an organization’s member’s exchange information and the effectives of such exchange is highly necessary for the effective organization. Sociology’s contribution towards this dynamic of organizations is valuable in order to optimize the process and improve its accuracy. Power As shared with Anthropology, the study of power, its presence, and influence within the organization has within it a substantial role within the organization. In order to best analyze and assess an organization, the role of power and authority and its influences is necessary. Conflict As a natural by-product of any organization, conflict and its study are necessary in order to identify and map the process of improvement within an organization as well as predict potential calamity. The study of conflict and its origins will be necessary to identify the sources and solutions within the organization. Intergroup Behavior With teaming being a critical next step for many organizations, the role of intergroup behavior will have increased necessity. The ability to study the dynamics of a group and their exchanges can better help the Organizational Behavior practitioner in facilitate the formation of groups within the organization for organization benefit. Political Science Help to understand how difference in preferences and interest lead to conflict and power struggle between groups within organization. It is also involves the study of individual and group behavior within a particular political environment. It has made significant contribution in the areas of structuring of conflict allocation of power, politics within the organization and the overall administrative process. Political science has contributed immensely in developing a general theory of human behavior at work. Various disciplines tend to study very specific and narrow aspects of human behavior, resulting in fragmentation of knowledge. Behavioral science must attempt to integrate the concepts and principles from all the disciplines to make a comprehensive study of human behavior. Anthropology Anthropology involves the study of mankind, especially of its origin, development, customs and beliefs. The work of anthropologists has provided insights into the basic differences in values, attitudes and behavior of people from different countries and in different organizations. It helps to understand how culture and belief system develop. Culture is the conventionalized behavior of society which influences a person’s behavior it changes slowly, giving stability and security to society. The culture of every individual has its effects on on-the-job performance. To understand an employee’s behavior, an understanding of the culture in which he lives must have to be established. People’s exposure and contacts in churches, schools, homes, stones, as well as to the other activities they do cause them to develop a set of basic values, which are so engrained in them that they become very difficult to change. They influence his aspirations, attitude towards with his supervisors and co-worker.

Questions On The Group Members - 1530 Words

ïÆ'Ëœ Group Members Name Number Email Role Mode of communication Ashish Bassi 0470296331 Ashish.bassi17@gmail.com Keeping up with project progress and documentation Can be contacted through phone or email. VishawJot Singh 0421070343 vishawjotsingh@gmail.com Keeping track of all the documents and project meetings Can be contacted through phone or email. ïÆ'Ëœ Work Breakdown Structure Development WBS is a division of a project into tasks and subtasks. The tasks are numbered to indicate their relationship to each other. WBSs are indispensable for project planning, particularly when estimating time and resource requirements. Some industries use established work breakdown structure systems for billing and reporting purposes. It is recommended†¦show more content†¦Risk Identification After identification of tasks it is possible to do likelihood and impact analysis of risks. Brainstorming approach has been taken to identify risks. Throughout the project, the risk register will be discussed and updated during project team meetings. Risk Avoidance Team members will try not to raise any situation which can cause any risks. Here we will identify all the possible vulnerabilities in planning and will distinguish risks that can be avoided. Risk Acceptance It is always not possible to identify all the risks at planning phase. Some of them will appear during the project. In that scenario the only way to deal with such risks is to accept the risk and find a solution at that time. Risk Mitigation A systematic reduction in the extent of exposure to a risk and/or the likelihood of its occurrence. Also called risk reduction. Risks with high or medium impact will be considered as high risks. In cases where project mitigation cannot be implemented an action plan will be used to solve the problem. Monitoring Controlling Risks During the project, risk likelihood will be updated in the risk register. The frequency of project meetings and stakeholder’s communication will be increased as per the current status and risks. If a high impact risk occurs, the project will prioritize as on how the issue occurred and changes will beShow MoreRelatedAssignment Questions On Recruiting, Screening, And Selecting Members For One Of Your Groups2841 Words   |  12 PagesWorkbook Questions #1 Initial Stage P.13 #2. How would you go about recruiting, screening, and selecting members for one of your groups? In accordance with The Association for Specialists in Group Work (ASGW) the â€Å"Best Practice Guidelines,† I want to make direct contact with my population. Therefore, I would create flyers that accurately advertise and describe the group purpose in resource centers that cater to gay men. Such resources would include; HIV/AIDS clinics such as the Orlando ImmunologyRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Approach And Postmodern Approach841 Words   |  4 Pagestarget problems as well as placing the majority of the responsibility on the group member. Under this branch of counseling theories, the counselors have chosen to practice Behavior Therapy. Behavior Therapy is a method in which the group leaders are responsible for their own outcome. The leaders will establish a baseline information of the group to get a better understanding of what they are working with. Group members will establish clear specific goals that are concrete, measurable, and objectiveRead MoreHow The Storming Stage Affects Members Of Fraternities And Sororities1201 Words   |  5 PagesHypothesis: If members of fraternities and sororities stay members of their organization after times of conflict or after entering into the storming stage, then their members find the shared values and collectivist attitude provided by the group as more important than the conflict and will continue to function normally once the conflicted is reconciled and that group returns to the norming stage. My research will, hopefully, identify how the storming stage affects members who already feel dissatisfiedRead MoreEducational Group Essay Example1283 Words   |  6 Pagesnot final, they were subject to change as time went on. I attended an online educational group that lasted approximately an hour and a half. The meeting appeared to be held at a lecture hall. At the meeting, attendees were seated in chairs that were lined in rows. The meeting was comprised of men and women, from what could be seen, there was between 20 to 30 men and women in attendance. In addition, members that attended were of different ages, possibly between 20 to 60 years of age. There was notRead MoreReflection On Loss And Grief1461 Words   |  6 Pagesdescribe grief as a strong emotion precipitated by the loss of a person or aspect of life. We can begin to prepare for these consequences in order to provide the proper care and comfort to those experiencing loss. A fellow student and I facilitated a group discussion with other students in our seminar to critically reflect on grief reactions, meaning-making theory and therapeutic communication from an article we provided. The article we presented was about promoting the meaning-making theory to helpRead MoreLeaders Are Not Made, They Are Exposed1225 Words   |  5 PagesIndividual Analysis of Group Two Leaders emerge under different situations and circumstances. Pepicello (2016) argues that â€Å"leaders are not made, they are exposed† (W. Pepicello, personal communication, June 22, 2016). This is generally observed when working as a team on a project, especially in a virtual group setting where members are separated by time, distance, and communication, collaboration or getting members to fully participate in the project take more effort than in a face-to-face settingRead MoreThe Etiquette Of Customer Service1601 Words   |  7 Pagesrepresentatives, it is sometimes required for us to allow our members to express their anger. This can be difficult, but this allows them to communicate their feelings however they choose to without passing judgment. Just listen without apologizing. Step in only if the member becomes directly abusive towards you. †¢ â€Å"I am sorry for the inconvenience that it has caused†. Show empathy when appropriate. Empathy implies that you feel the same way as the member and truly understand the situation. Read MoreThe Kentucky House Of Representative Candidates Forum For House Districts1167 Words   |  5 PagesThe second group I attended was the Kentucky House of Representative Candidates Forum for house districts: 7, 11, 12, 13, and 14. This group was attended by me via online and took place on campus at Brescia University in Owensboro Kentucky. The Candidates Forum was held on Monday October 17 from 7:00pm-8:30pm CDT. The scene was that of an auditorium with six candidates seated at a table in the front and to what appeared to be the group moderator at a podium to the right of the room. The camera didRead MoreEssay on Cooperative Learning ( Johnson and Johnson, 2006)1376 Words   |  6 Pagessubject. Each member of a team is responsible not only for learning what is taught but also for helping teammates learn, thus creating an atmosphere of achievement. Students work through the assignment until all group members successfully understand and complete it. Cooperative e fforts result in participants striving for mutual benefit so that all group members: * gain from each others efforts. (Your success benefits me and my success benefits you.) * recognize that all group members share a commonRead MoreDecision Style Of Choice Creation1095 Words   |  5 Pagesevery condition. Question: 6 â€Å"Groupthink† is a term coined by Yale research psychologist Irving Janis to describe a process by which a group can make poor or irrational decision. Management consultants often recommend putting in place a verity of mechanisms to minimize groupthink. One common method is to place responsibility and authority for a decision in the hands of a single person who can turn to others for advice. 1. Structural faults: †¢ insulation of the group †¢ lack of impartial